Technical Glossary:
Brian Sabin
API: Abbreviation of application program interface, a set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications. A good API makes it easier to develop a program by providing all the building blocks. A programmer puts the blocks together.
DBMS: Database Management System. A collection of programs that enables you to store, modify, and extract information from a database. There are many different types of DBMS’s, ranging from small systems that run on personal computers to huge systems that run on mainframes. The following are examples of database applications:
- Computerized library systems
- Automated teller machines
- Flight reservation systems
- Computerized parts inventory systems
OCR: Often abbreviated OCR, optical character recognition refers to the branch of computer science that involves reading text from paper and translating the images into a form that the computer can manipulate (for example, into ASCII codes). An OCR system enables you to take a book or a magazine article, feed it directly into an electronic computer file, and then edit the file using a word processor.
SAN: Storage Area Network (SAN) is a high-speed, sub-network of shared storage devices. A storage device is a machine that contains nothing but a disk or disks for storing data.
SQL: Abbreviation of structured query language, and pronounced either see-kwell or as separate letters. SQL is a standardized query language for requesting information from a database. The original version called SEQUEL (structured English query language) was designed by an IBM research center in 1974. SQL was first introduced as a commercial database system in 1979 by Oracle Corporation.
UDA: Short for Universal Data Access, a high-level specification developed by Microsoft for accessing data objects regardless of their structure. One of the main components of UDA is the ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) interface.
XML: Short for Extensible Markup Language, a specification developed by the W3C. XML is a pared-down version of SGML, designed especially for Web documents. It allows designers to create their own customized tags, enabling the definition, transmission, validation and interpretation of data between applications and between organizations.
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